Article
Article name	Historical Portrait of the Yakut Merchant of the 1-st Guild P. A. Kushnarev
Authors	Kushnarеva M.D. Candidate of History, Associate Professor, rita270880@mail.ru
Bibliographic description	Kushnareva M. D. Historical Portrait of the Yakut Merchant of the 1-st Guild P. A. Kushnarev // Humanitarian Vector. 2020. Vol. 15, No. 3. PP. 91–99. DOI: 10.21209/1996-7853-2020-15-3-91-99.
Section	EVENTS AND DESTINIES: RUSSIAN MERCHANTS
UDK	9(С)15
DOI	10.21209/1996-7853-2020-15-3-91-99
Article type
Annotation	The main purpose of the publication is to recreate the historical portrait of P. A. Kushnarev. The main objective of the study is to highlight previously unknown facets of the biography of the Yakut merchant. The topic has theoretical and applied relevance, since it is of scientific interest in the modern historiography of Siberia. Achieving this goal involves the widespread use of sources not previously introduced into scientific circulation. The article describes the concept of modernization and the chronological, problem-chronological, historical and biographical methods as the main methodology. The author determined the place of birth, family composition and the main sources of capital formation by P. A. Kushnarev. In 1903, P. A. Kushnarev received the certificate of the Yakut merchant of the 1-st guild and founded the trading house “The Heirs of A. M. Kushnarev”. As the main results of the economic activity of P. A. Kushnarev, the creation of his own transport enterprise is indicated. Turnovers in the fur trade in 1917 amounted to 2 million rubles. In 1913–1917, the population of the Yakutsk region was supplied with consumer goods by the enterprises of P. A. Kushnarev in the amount of more than 2 million rubles. Fur export abroad amounted to more than 900 thousand rubles. The merchant’s production activities consisted of flour milling, leather production, exploration and mining of gold. P. A. Kushnarev’s public education activity was expressed in financial assistance to educational and charitable institutions of Yakutsk, organization of scientific expeditions, and the release of a local newspaper. The main material heritage of P. A. Kushnarev is the Old Believer chapel in Pavlovsk, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The article defines the personal and business qualities of the Yakut merchant, his hobbies. As the main conclusion, it is indicated that the reconstruction of the historical portrait of P. A. Kushnarev allowed expanding the previously existing ideas about his contribution to the socio-economic development of the Yakutsk region during the modernization of the Russian economy.
Key words	merchants, North-Eastern Siberia, entrepreneur, capital, social activities, historical portrait
Article information
References	1. Buryshkin, P. A. Moscow merchants: memoirs. Opening address by G. N. Ulyanovsky, M. K. Shatsillo. M: Higher school Publ., 1991. (In Rus.) 2. Zenzinov, V. M. Essays on trade in the north of the Yakutsk region. M: Nauka Publ., 1916. (In Rus.) 3. Konstantinov, M. M. Fur trade and fur trade in the Yakutsk Territory. Irkutsk, 1921. (In Rus.) 4. Kushnareva, M. D. Trading House “The Heirs of A. M. Kushnarev”: Origin, Fur Trade and Public Education in the Second Half of the XIX ‒ Early XX Centuries. Irkutsk: ISU Publ., 2014. (In Rus.) 5. Kushnareva, M. D. Features of the economic policy of the “Northern Commercial and Industrial Partnership” in fur trade in North-Eastern Siberia at the beginning of the 20th century. Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series History, no. 28. p. 27–35, 2019. (In Rus.) 6. Kushnareva, M. D. Fur trade in North-Eastern Siberia in correspondence of representatives of companies with large capital in the second half of the XIX ‒ early XX centuries. Irkutsk: IGU Publ., 2017. (In Rus.) 7. Mainov, I. I. Russian peasants and settled foreigners of the Yakutsk region. SPb: V. F. Krishbaum Publ., 1912. (In Rus.) 8. Petrov, P. P. Millionaire from the village of Pavlovsk. Business Club “Yakutia” , no. 3, pp. 6, 1991. (In Rus.) 9. Petrov, P. P. Cities of Yakutia. 1861–1917: Socio-economic essay. Yakutsk: Prince Publishing House, 1990. (In Rus.) 10. Rabinovich, G. H. The big bourgeoisie and monopoly capital in the economy of Siberia at the end of the 19th ‒ beginning of the 20th centuries. Tomsk: TGU Publ., 1975. (In Rus.) 11. Encyclopedic Dictionary of the History of the Merchants and Commerce of Siberia: in 2 volumes V. 1. Novosibirsk: Geo Publ., 2012. (In Rus.) 12. Armstrong, T. Russian Settlement in the North. Cambridge, 1965. (In Engl.) 13. Forsyth, James. A History of the peoples of Siberia. Russia’s North Asian Colony 1581–1990. Cambridge, 1993. (In Engl.) 14. Harrison, J. The Founding of the Russian Empire in Asia and America. Coral Gables. Florida. 1971. (In Engl.) 15. Malozemoff, A. Russian Far Eastern Policy 1881–1904. With Special Emphasis on the Causes of the Russo-Japanese War. Barkley: University of California Press. 1958. (In Engl.)
Full article	Historical Portrait of the Yakut Merchant of the 1-st Guild P. A. Kushnarev
	0
	0