| Article | |
|---|---|
| Article name | Mongolian Horse in the Wars and Culture of Mongolian People |
| Authors | Danzangiyn Erdenebat .. Postgraduate Student, erdenebat_buural@yahoo.comZhambalova S.G. Doctor of History, Associate Professor, zhambalovas@yandex.ru |
| Bibliographic description | |
| Section | CULTURE AND SOCIETY |
| UDK | 008 (517.3) |
| DOI | |
| Article type | |
| Annotation | In the article written on the basis of literature, memoir, nonfiction and published field sources, a Mongolian horse in the wars and culture of the Mongolian people has been studied comprehensively. The article is relevant due to poor knowledge of this breed of horses in terms of its fighting qualities and behavior in combat, as well as in the culture of Mongolia; increasing interest, related to the revision of the medieval Mongolian history; increase of the herd of horses in the modern Asian post-Soviet space for economic reasons in ordinary villagers. The hypothesis has been suggested: Mongolian horse is one of the important elements of the cultural heritage of the Mongolian Empire. The reasons and characteristics of its specialness that allowed it to enter the history as a participant of victorious and violent wars of the Middle Ages and the 20th century have been studied. There is an opinion about its origin from the Przewalski’s horse. Saving the breed since the time of Genghis Khan has probably been due to the isolation of the particular country, as well as to traditionalism of Mongols’ nomadic life style. The Horse holds a leading position in the economic, festive life. We consider the specifics of the use of horses in the medieval Mongol wars: light, shock and heavy cavalry, each with its functions; for crossing a big river, for tactical military deception. All these required special equipment of riding horses, some horses had armors. There is their description in the article. During the Great Patriotic War and the Soviet-Japanese War in 1945 horses as a part of the horsemechanized forces interacted with heavy artillery. Image of a horse is vividly reflected in the culture of Mongolian people. The national emblem of Mongolia, some horse sculptures and horse racing at the Naadam festival have been considered in the article. The result of the study: the analysis of the reliable materials has allowed us to consider the hypothesis to be confirmed and to recognize it as an undeniable fact. |
| Key words | Mongolian horse, Mongolian empire, war, horse armor, tactical military deception, horsemechanized troops, emblem, culture |
| Article information | |
| References | 1. Gumelev V. Yu. O boevykh kachestvakh armii Mongol’skoi imperii [Elektronnyi resurs] // Istoriya i arkheologiya. 2013. № 3. Rezhim dostupa: http://history.snauka.ru/2013/07/774 (data obrashcheniya: 31.07.2015). 2. Gorelik M. V. Rannii mongol’skii dospekh (IX – pervaya polovina XIV v.) // Arkheologiya, etnografiya i antropologiya Mongolii. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1987. S. 163–208. 3. Zhambalova S. G. Traditsionnaya okhota buryat. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1991. 175 s. 4. Zhambalova S. G. Reministsentsii kochevogo obraza zhizni na fone povsednevnykh praktik sovetskogo i postsovetskogo vremeni (ustnaya istoriya G. B. Tudinovoi). Ulan-Ude: Izd-vo BNTs SO RAN, 2013. 148 s. 5. Pliev I. A. Cherez Gobi i Khingan. M.: Voenizdat, 1965. 160 s. 6. Puteshestvie v vostochnye strany Plano Karpini i Rubruka. M.: Gos. izd-vo geogr. lit., 1957. 270 s. 7. Rashid-ad-din. Sb. letopisei. T. I. Kn. 2. M.; L.: Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1952. 315 c. 8. Tkachenko I. D. Snaryazhenie verkhovogo konya u kochevnikov Sibiri i Tsentral’noi Azii (opyt istoriko-etnograficheskogo issledovaniya): avtoref. dis. … kand. ist. nauk: 07.00.07. SPb., 2009. 21 s. 9. Tovuudorzh Batsukh. Zootekhnicheskaya otsenka loshadei mongol’skoi porody – pobeditelei i prizerov probega i ikh sovershenstvovanie po rezul’tatam ispytanii: dis. ... kand. s.-kh. nauk: 06.02.04. M., 2006. 139 s. [Elektronnyi resurs]. Rezhim dostupa: http://www.dslib.net/texnologia-zhivotnovodstva/zootehnicheskaja-ocenka-loshadej-mongolskoj-porody-pobeditelej-i-prizerov- probega-i.html (data obrashcheniya: 22.01.2016). Istochniki 10. Gerb i flag Mongolii [Elektronnyi resurs]. Rezhim dostupa: http://kolizej.at.ua/publ/azija/mongolija/gerb_i_flag_mongolii/ 82-1-0-348 (data obrashcheniya: 26.11.2015). 11. Idymova Zh. V Moskve ustanovlen pamyatnik mongol’skim loshadyam, proshedshim VOV do samogo Berlina [Elektronnyi resurs]. Rezhim dostupa: http://asiarussia.ru/news/7301/ (data obrashcheniya: 26.11.2015). 12. Kavaleriya [Elektronnyi resurs]. Rezhim dostupa: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kavaleriya (data obrashcheniya: 24.01.2016). 13. Kak mongol’skie loshadi voevali vo Vtoroi mirovoi. [Elektronnyi resurs]. Rezhim dostupa: http://asiarussia.ru/articles/ 1992/ (data obrashcheniya: 01.12.2015). 14. Loshadi – uchastniki Velikoi Otechestvennoi voiny [Elektronnyi resurs]. Rezhim dostupa: http://horsesbb.livejournal. com/14146.html (data obrashcheniya: 27.01.2016). 15. Mongol’skaya loshad’ [Elektronnyi resurs]. Rezhim dostupa: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongol’skaya_loshad’ (data obrashcheniya: 26.11.2015). 16. Mongoly i loshadi – lyubov’ na veka [Elektronnyi resurs]. Rezhim dostupa: http://asiarussia.ru/news/9156/ (data obrashcheniya: 26.11.2015). 17. Naadam festival’ [Elektronnyi resurs]. Rezhim dostupa: / http://www.legendtour.ru/rus/mongolia/informations/naadam- festival.shtml (data obrashcheniya 27.12.2015). 18. Foto dnya: Mongol rozhdaetsya na kone i na kone zhe umiraet… [Elektronnyi resurs]. Rezhim dostupa: http://asiarussia. ru/media/9620/ (data obrashcheniya: 26.10.2015). 19. Browse the Lists of Intangible Cultural Heritage and the Register of Best Safeguarding Practices [Elektronnyi resurs]. Rezhim dostupa: http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/en/lists (data obrashcheniya: 11.01.2016). |
| Full article | Mongolian Horse in the Wars and Culture of Mongolian People |
| 0 | |
| 0 | |
