| Annotation |
The problem of child homelessness and neglect in the USSR became one of the grave socio-economic
consequences of the Great Patriotic war. These phenomena, instilling in children the skills of antisocial behavior,
contribute to the criminalization of the younger generation, the degradation of future labor resources. This
publication, based on documentary sources, a significant part of which is introduced into scientific circulation
for the first time, aims to analyze and summarize the historical experience of the NKVD of the Far Eastern
region in the fight against homelessness and neglect in wartime conditions. The author solves the following
problems: analysis of factors contributing to the sharp increase in the phenomena under consideration during
the war in the Far East; characteristics of organizational forms and methods used by the NKVD in order to
combat child homelessness and neglect; research of the reasons that negatively affected the effectiveness
of the internal affairs bodies in this direction. The research uses the principles of historicism, objectivity and
consistency, as well as general scientific and special methods of historical science. As a result of the study, it
is concluded that the Far Eastern NKVD bodies were able to achieve significant success by the end of 1945
in countering homelessness, neglect and child crime, however, for a number of objective reasons, they were
not able to completely neutralize the negative impact of these phenomena on the Far Eastern society, which
affected the level of its criminalization in subsequent years. Organizational forms and methods of combating
child homelessness and neglect evolved during the war years, responding to the aggravation of the nature of
the problem. In the organizational structure of the NKVD bodies, such elements as departments for combating
child homelessness and neglect, children’s rooms of the police, labor educational colonies for minors appeared;
interaction with the active public of the region was intensified. |
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