Article
Article name	Burials with Weapons and Horse Bridle of Yuldashevsky Burial Ground in the South Ural Region
Authors	Lyasovich V.I. Research Assistant, vsevolodlyasovich@yandex.ru
Bibliographic description	Lyasovich V. I. Burials with Weapons and Horse Bridle of Yuldashevsky Burial Ground in the South Ural Region // Humanitarian Vector. 2021. Vol. 16, No. 3. PP. 152–166. DOI: 10.21209/1996-7853-2021-16-3-152- 166.
Section	Archaeological Culture
UDK	902
DOI	10.21209/1996-7853-2021-16-3-152-166
Article type
Annotation	The study of the peculiarities of the armament of the Pianobor tribes is an urgent direction of modern archaeological science. The purpose of this article is to isolate and then analyze the sets of weapons for the male burials of the Yuldashevsky burial ground of the Pyanobor archaeological culture of the Early Iron Age. The problem of the study is to reconstruct the nature of the military culture of one local group in the Pianobor society. The novelty of the work is the fact that the totality of weapons in the burial, the weapon set, is considered within the framework of one specific archaeological monument, and not as a whole in terms of culture.The Yuldashevsky burial ground belongs to one of the necropolises of the Pianobor culture, where an increased content of weapons is noted. The occurrence as well as the combination of a certain type of weapon in the burial inventory makes it possible to distinguish weapon sets, as well as to designate popular types of weapons among a specific group of the drunken population. Applying the comparative-historical method, including the method of statistics and chronology, it was possible to focus on the number of weapon sets, their filling with weapons, the time frame of some weapons, and its similarity with the Kara-Abyz set of weapons. As well as the Kara-Abyz, the Pianobor culture inherited a set of weapons characteristics of the Ananyin time. Its indispensable attributes are: a) polearms in the form of spears with small points; b) arrowheads made of different materials ‒ bronze, iron and bone, with the domination of the latter in quiver sets; c) long single-edged blades ‒ combat knives. Despite the relative proximity of the habitat of the Pianobor tribes to the Sarmatian world, the latter did not have a significant impact on the armament complex of the Pyanobor tribes. Moreover, in the drunken environment, its own standardized weapon set was formed, represented by various variations in the mutual occurrence of a bow, spear and a combat knife.
Key words	Pianobor archaeological culture, weapons, burial ground, military burials, early Iron Age,Yuldashevsky burial ground, southern Urals
Article information
References	1. Ivanov, V. A. Weapons and military affairs of the Finno-Ugric peoples of the Urals in the early iron era. M: Nauka, 1984. (In Rus.) 2. Zubov, S. E. On the military structure of the Middle Belian tribes of the early Iron Age (based on materials from the Okhlebininskiy burial ground). Ufa archaeological bulletin, vol. 12, pp. 108–123, 2012. (In Rus.) 3. Ageev, B. B. The Pyanobor culture. Ufa: BSC URD RAS, 1992. (In Rus.) 4. Ryndina, O. M., Bobrova, A. I., Ozheredov, Yu. I. Khanty of the Salym region: culture in an archaeological and ethnographic retrospective. Tomsk, TSU, 2008. (In Rus.) 5. Pshenichnyuk, A. H. Yuldashevskiy burial ground. In A. H. Pshenichnyuk edition. Archeological works in lower Belaya river: collection of scientific articles. Ufa: IHLL BDAS USSR, 1986: 45–94. (In Rus.) 6. Goldina, R. D., Sabirov, T. R., Sabirova, T. M. Funeral rite of the Tarasovsky burial ground IV centuries on the Middle Kama. Ch. III. Kazan, Izhevsk, Udmurt State University, 2015. (In Rus.) 7. Goldina, R. D., Krasnoperov, A. A. Nyrgyndinskiy I burial ground II–III AD on the middle Kama. Izhevsk, Udmurt university, 2012. (In Rus.) 8. Moshkova, M. G. About early Sarmatian socketed arrows. Brief reports of the Institute of Archeology, no. 89, pp. 77–82, 1962. (In Rus.) 9. Skripkin, A. S. Asian Sarmatia. Problems of chronology and its historical aspect. Saratov: publ. Saratov State University, 1990. (In Rus.) 10. Krasnoperov A. A. On the question of the chronology of the Pianobor culture: notes on the statement of the answer. Archeology of the Eurasian steppes, vol. 10, pp. 92–105, 2009. (In Rus.) 11. Zubov, S. E., Sattarov, R. R. Arrowheads of the Pianobor culture as chronological markers (based on materials from the burial complexes of the Kipchakov I Kurgan-ground burial ground). In A. A. Vybornov ed. XXI Ural Archaeological Meeting. Materials of the All-Russian scientific conference with international participation. Samara: Izd-vo SGSPU, 2018: 210–214. (In Rus.) 12. Goldina, R. D. Tarasovskiy burial ground I-V AD on the middle Kama. Ch. II. Izhevsk: Izhevskaya resp. tip., 2003. (In Rus.) 13. Belavin, A. M., Krylasova N. B. Hunting tools of the medieval Cis-Urals (archaeological sketch). Humanitarian aspects of hunting and game management, no. 3, pp. 66–80, 2017. (In Rus.) 14. Yablonskiy, L. T. Treasures of the Sarmatian leaders (Excavation materials of the Filippovskiye kurgans). Orenburg, Dimur, 2008. (In Rus.) 15. Lorenz, K. The death of Meleager on Roman sarcophagi. In: Life, death and representation: some new work on Roman sarcophagi. Millenium-Studien, no. 2, pp. 305–332, 2011. (In Engl.) 16. Xenophon, Cynegetica, X. Xenophon and Arrian on Hunting. Warminster: Aris & Phillips Ltd, 1999. (In Engl.) 17. Ginsburg M. Hunting scenes on Roman glass in the Rheinland, no. 2, pp. 3–31, 1941. (In Engl.) 18. Westbrook, B. An Architectural Interpretation of the Early Byzantine Great Palace in Constantinople, from Constantine I to Heraclius. Dr. phil. sci. diss. Perth, 2013. (In Engl.) 19. Trilling, J. The Soul of the Empire: Style and Meaning in the mosaic pavement of the Byzantine Imperial Palace in Constantinople. Dumbarton oaks paper, vol. 43, pp. 27–72, 1989. (In Engl.) 20. Gvozdev, R. V. Traditional melee weapons among the Tungus-Manchus and Nivkhs (based on materials from the middle of the 19th-20th centuries). Siberian Studies, no. 2, pp. 63–79, 2014. (In Rus.) 21. Startsev A. F. Ethnic views of the Tungus-Manchus about nature and society. Vladivostok: Dal’nauka, 2017. (In Rus.) 22. Hazanov A. M. Essays about the warfare of the Sarmatians. M: Science, 1971. (In Rus.) 23. Kurinskikh, O. I. Arrowheads of the early nomads of the Left Bank Ilek, 6th – 1st centuries. BC. (based on materials from burial grounds near the village of Pokrovka). Russian archeology, no. 3, pp. 42–54, 2011. (In Rus.) 24. Sattarov, R.R Imported items in the Pianobor culture (late 2nd century BC ‒ 2nd century AD). Cand. hist. sci. diss. Krasnodar. Kazan, 2019. (In Rus.) 25. Pelyashenko, K. Yu. Antiquities of the III-I centuries. BC e. forest-steppe Podontsovye, no. 2, pp. 204– 218, 2018. (In Rus.) 26. Berlizov, N. E. Rhythms of Sarmatia. Sauromato-Sarmatian tribes of southern Russia in VII v. BC. ‒ V AD. Krasnodar: KGUKI, Parabellum, 2011. (In Rus.) 27. Gening, V. F. The history of the population of the Udmurt Kama region in Pianoborsk era. Ch. 2. Archeological objects of the chegandinskaya culture, vol. 11, pp. 1–158, 1971. (In Rus.) 28. Goldina, R. D. Clasps with a hook from the Tarasov burial ground. Volga archeology, no. 1, pp. 150– 177, 2018. (In Rus.) 29. Gening, V. F. The history of the population of the Udmurt Kama region in Pianoborsk era. Ch. 1: Chegandinskaya culture (III BC ‒ II AD.) Archeological issues of the Urals, vol. 10, pp. 3–224, 1970. (In Rus.) 30. Goldina, R. D., Bernc, V. A. Chronology of burials of the AD 1 ‒ 2. Tarasovsky burial ground. Volga archeology, no. 1, pp. 41–89, 2016. (In Rus.) 31. Bugrov, D. G. Settlements of the Pianobor culture in the Iksko-Belsk interfluve. Cand. hist. sci. diss. Krasnodar. Kazan, 2006. (In Rus.) 32. Ovsyannikov, V. V. Cultural and historical processes in the forest-steppe Cis-Urals in the middle of the 1st millennium BC ‒ the middle of the 1st millennium AD. In A. G. Sitdikov, N. A. Makarov, A. P. Derevyanko edition. Proceedings of the IV (XX) All-Russian Archaeological Congress in Kazan. Kazan, 2014: 375–377 (In Rus.)
Full article	Burials with Weapons and Horse Bridle of Yuldashevsky Burial Ground in the South Ural Region
	0
	30