Article
Article name The State of Towns and the Urban Population of Eastern Siberia in the 1850s–1880s: Based on the Materials of Reports of Loyal Governors-General
Authors Kiskidosova T.A. Candidate of History, tak_74@mail.ru
Bibliographic description Kiskidosova T. A. The State of Towns and the Urban Population of Eastern Siberia in the 1850s–1880s: Based on the Materials of Reports of Loyal Governors-General // Humanitarian Vector. 2022. Vol. 17, No. 3. PP. 109–118. DOI: 10.21209/1996-7853-2022-17-3-109-118.
Section MENTAL AND SOCIOCULTURAL SPACE OF THE REGION
UDK 94(47)08(571.5)
DOI 10.21209/1996-7853-2022-17-3-109-118
Article type Original article
Annotation The article considers informative information about the cities and urban population of Eastern Siberia in the post-reform period based on the materials of the most comprehensive reports of the governors-general. The reports reflected the main problems of Eastern Siberian towns: small number of the population, budget deficit, underdevelopment of urban economy, poor medical care, unsatisfactory sanitary condition and a significant lag behind cities of Central Russia. The backwardness of Eastern Siberian towns was explained by the fact that they did not arise as commercial and industrial centers but administrative points necessary for the management of the region. Identifying the main causes of high mortality of the population, the governors-general made proposals for improvement of health care and urban residents’ quality. The inertia and underdevelopment of most of Eastern Siberian towns was explained by the slow development of the vast territory. The restoration of the urban economy was carried out by own forces with the support of charitable societies, patrons and the local administration. Almost all heads of the region showed concern about the negative role of criminal exile on ordinary people’s lives. Special attention in the reports was paid to the problem of accommodation and employment of exiles in towns. These reports became evidence of the loyal governors-general’s concern about the unsatisfactory state of health service and education in the region. The repeated appeals of the governors-general to the highest authorities on improving the health service and education system did not receive support. The most comprehensive reports are a valuable source for studying the history of cities in the era of modernization.
Key words Eastern Siberia, town, urban population, reports of governors-general, historical source, form
Article information
References 1. Minakov, A. S. Governor’s Corps of Post-Reform Russia in Modern Historiography. Questions of history, no. 7, pp. 160–168, 2009. (In Rus.) 2. Litvak, B. G. On the reliability of the information of the governor’s reports of the late 19th century. Source study of domestic history. Moscow, Nauka, Publ., 1977, pp. 125–144. (In Rus.) 3. Brazhnikova A. S. Governor’s report: the study of the source in Russian historiography. Bulletin of Chelyabinsk State University, no. 12, vol. 55, pp. 83–89, 2013. (In Rus.) 4. Arkhipova, A. I. Yakukut region in all-imperial space (based on the governors all-national reports (late XIX ‒ early XX centuries). History and historians in the context of time, no. 8, pp. 155–163, 2011. (In Rus.) 5. Dyatlova, N. P. Reports of governors as a historical source. Problems of archiving and source studies. Lenigrad, Nauka Publ., 1964: 227–246. (In Rus.) 6. Ivanov, A. A., Kuras, S. L. Vsepoddanneyshy Reports of the Irkutsk Governors General in the End of the 19th – Beginning of the 20th Century as a Source of Studying of the Siberian Political Exile. News of the Irkutsk State University, vol. 27, pp. 99–113, 2019. DOI: https:/doi.org/10/26516/2222-9124.2019.27.99. (In Rus.) 7. Minakov, A. S. Annual all-published reports of governors: research experience and source perspectives. Archaeological Yearbook 2009–2010. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 2013: 37–55. (In Rus.) 8. Remnev, A. V. Autocratic Government: Committee of Ministers in the system of Supreme Administration of the Russian Empire (the second half of the XIX – early XX century). Moscow, ROSSPEN, 2010. (In Rus.) 9. Minakov, A. S. Loyal reports of the Russian Empire Governors-General. News of higher educational institutions. Volga region, no. 2, pp. 5–24, 2016. DOI: 10.21685/2072-3024-2016-2-1. (In Rus.) 10. Dameshek, L. M., Dameshek, I. L. Siberian Governors-General: a social portrait. Bulletin of Tomsk State University, no. 5, pp. 4–10, 2014. (In Rus.) 11. Madzharov, A. S., Ponomareva, E. L. The social history of Siberia in the 1850–1880s in the materials of the most comprehensive reports of Governors-General. News of the Irkutsk State University, vol. 14, pp. 6–17, 2015. (In Rus.) 12. Matkhanova, N. P. Governors-General of Eastern Siberia in the middle of the XIX century: V. Ya. Rupert, N. N. Murav’ev-Amursky, M. S. Korsakov. Novosibirsk, SB RAS Publ., 1998. (In Rus.) 13. Ponomareva, E. L. The problem of determining the degree of reliability of the most reliable reports of Governors-General on the management of Eastern Siberia. Science and education in the ХХI century. Irkutsk, Consulting company Yukom, 2013: 103–104. (In Rus.) 14. Remnev, A. V. Siberia in the Imperial Geography of Power of the XIX – early XX centuries. Omsk, Omsk State University Publ., 2015. (In Rus.) 15. Razdorskiy, A. I. Printed all-published reports of Governors-General and governors of the Russian Empire as an object of bibliographic accounting. Bibliography. Archeology. Source study. St. Petersburg; Moscow, 2019: 66–94. (In Rus.) 16. Minakov, A. S. Loyal reports about the state of provinces, regions, townships of the Russian Empire: the problem of archival heuristics. Domestic archives, no. 1, pp. 28–36, 2009. (In Rus.) 17. Ponomareva, E. L. The most comprehensive reports of Governors-General as a source on the history of Eastern Siberia (the 1850s–1880s). News of the Altai University, no. 4-1, pp. 112–115, 2008. (In Rus.) 18. Matkhanova, N. P., Rodigina, N. N. Loyal reports as a source to study Siberian Governors-General views on the region in the second half of the XIX Century. Humanities in Siberia, no. 1, pp. 45–51, 2019. (In Rus.) 19. Ponomareva, E. L. Analysis of the demographic situation in Eastern Siberia in the 1850s-1880s (based on the materials of the most comprehensive reports of Governors-General). Irkutsk Historical and Economic Yearbook. Irkutsk, 2016: 469–475. (In Rus.) 20. Yadrintsev, N. M. Siberia as a colony in geographical, ethnographic and historical terms. Novosibirsk, Siberian Chronograph, 2003. (In Rus.)
Full articleThe State of Towns and the Urban Population of Eastern Siberia in the 1850s–1880s: Based on the Materials of Reports of Loyal Governors-General
0
26