Article
Article name	Features of Formation of the Buddhist Canon in Tibet and China: a Comparative Analysis
Authors	Urbanaeva I.S. Doctor of Philosophy, Leading Researcher, urbanaeva@imbt.ru
Bibliographic description
Section	ORIENTAL STUDIES
UDK	571.54
DOI
Article type
Annotation	The article presents a comparative analysis of some important aspects of the formation of two Mahayana Buddhist canons (Tibetan Kangyr and Tengyurand Chinese canon and Tibet). The author develops the hypothesis that the Buddhist canon in Tibet was formed based on conscious public and scientific strategy of dissemination of authentic Buddhismin Tibet, which was aimed at obtaining pure oral transmission of the Dharma from India. According to this strategy, a special language of Tibetan Buddhist tradition was created in Tibet, principles of selection and interpretation of Sanskrit texts were developed, and an extensive system of Buddhist categories was created. Under the patronage of kings, in cooperation of Tibetan translators and Indian panditas two collections of texts, bKa’-‘gyur and bsTan-’gyur, were created. These canonical texts were not only Scripture like the Bible or an ancient monument of literary culture like canon Dazangjing for the Chinese. They served as the textual basis for oral transmission of the Dharma and were perceived on the whole as a system of spiritual practice for anyone who aspired to Enlightenment. In China, there was no proper strategy for the formation of Buddhist canonical corpus and authenticity criteria. Due to the specific of the Chinese civilization, Buddhist canon was formed here as a way of cataloging the vast diversity of texts, and, in contrast to the Tibetan one, was used only partly in the Buddhist practice. The author lists eight characteristics of Tibetan strategy that distinguished the formation of the Buddhist canon in Tibet from the similar process in China.
Key words	Buddhist Canon, Kangyur, Tengyur, Dazangjing, lotsawa, pandita, Tibet, China, India, authentic tradition, Buton Rinchen Drub, Kaba Palrseg, translation strategy
Article information
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Full article	Features of Formation of the Buddhist Canon in Tibet and China: a Comparative Analysis
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