| Article | |
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| Article name | The Development of Horticulture during the Great Patriotic War (1941–1945) and the Postwar Five-Year Plans (1946–1980) |
| Authors | Kadiyev D.K. Candidate of History, nalogoviy_dginh@mail.ru |
| Bibliographic description | |
| Section | History of Russia |
| UDK | 94 (471–66) |
| DOI | |
| Article type | |
| Annotation | This article analy’es the characteristic features of horticulture development in the Dagestan ASSR during the Great Patriotic War and the postwar five-year plans. Horticulture is one of the most important branches of agricultural production in Dagestan. Intensive development of horticulture has led to the creation of a large canning industry base both in flat territories and highlands. Horticulture took a great share in the national economy during the prewar years. In 1939, gross output of horticulture farms in Dagestan made 5 % of agricultural gross output of Dagestan. By 1939–1940, the areas of the gardens had increased significantly. Great work carried out in the prewar years in fruit growing, vegetable-growing, and viticulture had positive results in the provision of the frontline and rear with horticultural products during the war. Socialist emulation movement under the slogan “Everything for the front, everything for victory!” became widespread from the first days of the war on the farms of the Dagestan ASSR. During the Great Patriotic War (1941–1945) the agriculture in Dagestan, including horticulture, as well as in the whole country, was in a very difficult situation. Horticulture yield on the farms began to reduce; the area under orchards began to shrink because of the labour shortage and inadequate maintenance. Supply of raw materials for the canning industry reduced almost twice. The Government of the USSR, the RSFSR and the leadership of the Dagestan ASSR took the necessary measures to restore and develop the horticulture in the country during World War II and the postwar five-year plans by allocating funds, equipment, fertilizers and training the staff. It should be noted that despite the ups and downs of the yield in some years, horticulture was one of the leading branches of agrarian sector of the economy and played an important role in the formation of the Republic budget. |
| Key words | horticulture, collective farms, state farms, fruit and berry crops, nurseries, plantings, yield, areas under orchards, profitability, harvest, canning |
| Article information | |
| References | 1. Abdulkadyrov S. K. Yablonevye kultury v Dagestane. Makhachkala, 1973. S. 83. 2. Arkhiv Minselkhoza RSFSR. F. 117. Op. 1. D. 115. L. 149. 3. Dagestanskaya pravda. 1943. 17 aprelya. 4. Dagestanskaya pravda. 1946. 17 aprelya. 5. Dagestanskaya pravda. 1981. 17 yanvarya. 6. Dagestan v gody Velikoy Otechestvennoy voyny 1941–1945 gg. / G. Sh. Kaymarazov, I. K. Kerimov, G. S. Koystinen, A. G. Meleshko. Makhachkala, 1963. S. 116. 7. Istoriya Dagestana T. 3. M., 1968. 8. Istoriya Dagestana. T. 4. M., 1969. 9. Istoriya Dagestana s drevneyshikh vremyon do nashikh dney: v 2 t. T. 2. XX vek . Makhachkala, 2005. S. 278. 10. KPSS v rezolyutsiyakh i resheniyakh syezdov, konferentsy i plenumov TsK. Izd. 9-e, dop. i ispr. T. 7. M., 1985. S. 554. 11. KPSS. Spravochnik. M., 1980. S. 281. 12. Narodnoye khozyaystvo Dagestanskoy ASSR za 60 let: statsbornik. Makhachkala, 1981. S. 143. 13. Sovetsky Dagestan za 45 let: statsbornik. Makhachkala,1966. S. 33–35. 14. TsGA RD. F. R – 127. Op. 53. D. 11. L. 49. 15. TsGA RD F. 1-P. Op. 1. D. 7628. L. 15; 16. TsGA RD. F. 1-P. Op. 2. D. 2622. L. 12 L. 13, L.125. 17. TsGA RD F. 1-y. Op. 2. D. 4329. L. 48. 18. TsGA RD F. R-168. Op. 67. D. 92. L. 7, L.8. |
| Full article | The Development of Horticulture during the Great Patriotic War (1941–1945) and the Postwar Five-Year Plans (1946–1980) |
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