Article
Article name Irrational Foundations of Suicide
Authors Ardashev R.G.Candidate of Law ardachev.rg@bk.ru
Bibliographic description Ardashev R. G. Irrational Foundations of Suicide // Humanitarian Vector. 2022. Vol. 17, No. 2. PP. 58–68. DOI: 10.21209/1996-7853-2022-17-2-58-68.
Section
DOI 10.21209/1996-7853-2022-17-2-58-68
UDK 37.015.3+159.942
Article type Original article
Annotation The article discusses theoretical studies on suicides and suicidal behavior, discusses the features of the development of this phenomenon in different social groups, provides a general typology of studies already conducted through the prism of understanding the impact of social experience (external pressure factors, crisis, stressful situations) and intrapersonal problems (related to personality traits, socialization and adaptation of a person to external influences and internal experiences and processes). The paper also presents the results of a comprehensive study of the irrational foundations of suicide. The first is based on an analysis of the materials of a quantitative survey of Russians (n-1200) conducted in 2022 in all regions of the Russian Federation. The second one is constructed on the interpretation of qualitative data ‒ the analysis of expert interviews (n-18), psychologists, psychotherapists, psychiatrists, philosophers, criminologists. The third is the analysis of articles and publications in social networks devoted to suicides and promoting suicidal behavior (n-1620), which made it possible to identify key semantic lexemes that indicate the main causes and factors in the development of suicidal behavior and suicides. As a result of the study, we identified nine of them: 1) age (17–21, 40–45, 55–65); 2) limitation of emotional and sensory experience; 3) difficulties in building communications due to their own incompetence or limited opportunities; 4) problems of self-determination in society (conflict with a group, forced confrontation ‒ in the family, at work, among friends); 5) weakly expressed own worldview; 6) feeling of loneliness; 7) a sharp stratification of people in terms of the level and quality of life; 8) social inertia and frustration; 9) destructive hobbies (drug addiction, drunkenness). The use of these research methods made it possible to supplement and expand the initial materials and data of the work, to reveal the potential for interaction at the methodological and practical level and to identify several prospects for topics for further scientific research. It is indicated that the quality of life is based on the ability to predict the future, the prevention of suicidal behavior and suicide can become the basis for social stability and social reproduction.
Key words suicide, irrational conditions, suicidal behavior, prerequisites, conditions, social factors
Article information
References 1. Durkheim, E. Le Suicide. Paris: Les Presses Universitaires de France, 1967. (In Engl.) 2. Shneidman, E. The soul of a suicide. M: Smysl, 2001. (In Rus.) 3. Baumeister, R. F. Suicide as escape from self. Psychological Review, 1999: 90–113. (In Engl.) 4. Goryaeva, P. Yu. Suicide as an existential choice. Reflexio, no. 1, pp. 148–161, 2020. https://doi. org/10.25205/2658-4506-2020-13-1-148-161. (In Rus.) 5. Kamalyan, E. G., Kudryavtseva, E. A. Depression and suicide in the view of the Voronezh youth. Humanitarian treatise, no. 80, pp. 12–15, 2020. (In Rus.) 6. Sadykov, R. M., Bol’shakova, N. L. Suicide among youth as a social problem in modern Russia. Society: sociology, psychology, pedagogy, no. 9, pp. 37–43, 2019. (In Rus.) 7. Solov’eva, K. S. Teenage suicide as a reflection of the realities of the modern information society. Ideas and ideals, no. 2-2, pp. 458–469, 2021. (In Rus.) 8. Fristad, M., Shaver, A. Psychosocial interventions for suicidal children and adolescents. Depression and Anxiety, no. 14, pp. 192–197, 2001. (In Engl.) 9. Hawton, K., Saunders, K. E., & O’Connor, R. C. Self-harm and suicide in adolescents. The Lancet, no. 379, pp. 2373–2382, 2021. (In Engl.) 10. Barysheva, P. V., Churakova, A.Yu., Nikolaeva, D. D. Self harm and suicide. epidemiology, classification and treatment. Young scientist, no. 53, pp. 188–191, 2021. (In Rus.) 11. Lapin, I. A., Rogacheva, T. A. Clinical and psychological correlates of suicide in patients with depression. Social and Clinical Psychiatry, no. 1, pp. 10–15, 2019. (In Rus.) 12. Tibirkina, V. S., Shigabetdinova, G. M. Suicide and suicidal behavior: a study of groups in social networks. Student Bulletin, no. 24-1, pp. 46–47, 2019. (In Rus.) 13. Usmanova, L. S. Memes about suicide as a kind of black humor on the Internet. Bulletin of the International Market Institute, no. S2, pp. 90–94, 2020. (In Rus.) 14. Bostwick, J. M, Pabbati, C, Geske, J. R. et al.: Suicide attempt as a risk factor for completed suicide: even more lethal than we knew. Am J Psychiatry 2016: 173–193. (In Engl.) 15. Klonsky, E, May, M, Saffer, B. Y. Suicide. Suicide Attempts, and Suicidal Ideation. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, March 2016. 307–330. (In Engl.) 16. Wall M., Wang S., Crystal S., Gerhard T., Blanco C. Suicide Following Deliberate Self-Harm Mark Olfson, Psychiatry, August 2017: 71–84. (In Engl.) 17. Mirhashemi, S., Motamedi, M., Mirhashem, A., Taghipou, H., Danial, Z. Suicide and suicidal behavior. The Lancet, volume 387, pp. 29–40, January 2016. (In Engl.) 18. Borisonic, E. V. Completed suicide and suicide attempt of a loved one as a situation of extreme stress for the immediate environment. Modern foreign psychology, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 62–67. 2020. DOI: 10.17759/ jmfp.2020090106 (In Rus.) 19. Burova, Yu. V., Aizyatova, L. F. Suicide as a destruction of modern society. Society: politics, economics, no. 8, pp. 66–70, 2021. (In Rus.) 20. Lyubov, E. B., Zotov, P. B., Polozhiy, B. S. Pandemics and suicide: the perfect storm and the moment of truth. Suicidology, no. 1, pp. 3–38, 2020. DOI:10.32878/suiciderus.20-11-01(38)-3-38. (In Rus.) 21. Ryspaeva, S. Zh. Suicide ‒ an existential choice (sociological analysis). Problems of Science, no. 5, pp. 90–94, 2019. DOI: 10.25205/2658-4506-2020-13-1-148-161. (In Rus.) 22. Bellivier, F., Jollant, F., Leboyer, M., Astruc, B., Torres, S., Verdier, R., Courtet, P. Impaired Decision Making in Suicide Attempters. American Journal of Psychiatry, 2005162 (2), pp. 304–310. (In Engl.) 23. Koivumaa-Honkanen, H., Honkanen, R., Viinamäki, H., Heikkilä, K., Kaprio, J., & Koskenvuo, M. Life Satisfaction and Suicide: A 20-Year Follow-Up Study. American Journal of Psychiatry, no. 158, pp. 433–439, 2001. (In Engl.) 24. May, A. M., & Victor, S. E. From ideation to action: recent advances in understanding suicide capability. Current Opinion in Psychology, pp. 44–67, 2018. (In Engl.) 25. Sher, L., Vilens, A. Internet and suicide. New York: Nova Science, 2009. (In Engl.) 26. Ardashev, R. G. Questions of theory and practice of investigation of murders associated with postcriminal suicide of the offender. Irkutsk: Izd-vo IrNITU, 2015. (In Rus.) 27. Ardashev, R. G., Kitaev, N. N. Post-criminal suicide of murderers: forensic support of the investigation. Ulan-Ude: Buryat State Unoversity Publishing), 2020. (In Rus.) 28. Zhukov, V. I. Suicide in the paradigm of social addiction and psychology of law. State and Law, no. 1, pp. 75–82, 2022. (In Rus.) 29. Korsakov, K. V. Suicide in the focus of criminological science. Psychology and Law, no. 3, pp. 108–119, 2020. DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2020100308. (In Rus.) 30. Korsakov, K. V. Religious approach to crime and punishment: from the principle of talion and blood feud to the doctrine of repentance. Scientific Yearbook of the Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, no. 3, pp. 147–159, 2015. (In Rus.)
Full articleIrrational Foundations of Suicide