| Article | |
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| Article name | Gold Mining in Western Transbaikalia in 1880–1920: Regional Specific Features |
| Authors | Kal’mina L.V.Doctor of History, Associate Professor kalminal@gmail.comPlekhanova A.M.Doctor of History, Associate Professor plehanova.am@mail.ru |
| Bibliographic description | |
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| DOI | |
| UDK | 94(571.54) |
| Article type | |
| Annotation | One of the specific features of mining industry in Western Transbaikalia was that private entrepreneurship played the main role in the making and development of gold mining from the very outset. By stimulating manufacturing of goods necessary for gold mining and promoting expansion of the domestic market, the gold mining industry contributed to the economic development of Western Transbaikalia. However, in prerevolutionary period it failed to become the kernel in developing economic interrelations. The instances of modernization of this industry in pre-revolutionary period were merely sporadic. With the establishment of the Soviet power, the state being badly in need of replenishment of gold and currency reserves had to allow concession of gold-bearing zones to private entrepreneurs and businesses. Weak mechanization of gold mining processes characteristic of this branch of industry continued in the 1920s. This was connected not only with the remoteness of gold mines, but also with the unwillingness of private entrepreneurs to modernize the industry caused by the unstable Soviet policy toward private business and capital. Nevertheless, private entrepreneurship played a significant role in the recovery of gold mining industry of Buryatia and in the increase of the material resources of the state. By the late 1920s? the practice of limiting private capital was replaced by the policy of its displacement and eradication. The study has shown that despite different ideological foundation gold mining in pre-revolutionary period and in the 1920s shared some common features, such as a stake on private funds, alteration of reporting documents on the volume of gold mining in order to minimize taxation and extensive placer workings without significant mechanization of the mining process. |
| Key words | Western Transbaikalia, Buryat-Mongolian ASSR, gold mining, modernization, private entrepreneurship |
| Article information | |
| References | 1. Asalkhanov I. A. Sotsial’no-ekonomicheskoe razvitie yugo-vostochnoi Sibiri vo vtoroi polovine XIX v. Ulan-Ude: Buryat. kn. izd-vo, 1963. 493 s. 2. Butyrin P. N. Zolotopromyshlennost’ Barguzinskogo kraya i ee perspektivy. Verkhneudinsk: Gosplan B.-M ASSR, 1926. 39 s. 3. Kal’mina L. V., Kuras L. V. Evreiskaya obshchina v Zapadnom Zabaikal’e (60-e gody XIX veka – fevral’ 1917 goda). Ulan-Ude: Izd-vo BNTs SO RAN, 1999. 172 s. 4. Lazhentsev V. N., Nedeshev A. A. Struktura i ekonomicheskie svyazi Zabaikal’skogo khozyaistva v dorevolyutsionnyi period // Istoriya ekonomicheskogo razvitiya Zabaikal’ya v kontse XIX – nachale XX veka. Zabaik. kraev. ezhegodn. № 6. Chita, 1972. S. 3–28. 5. Lamin V. A. Zolotoi sled Sibiri. Ekaterinburg: Bank kul’turnoi informatsii, 1997. 144 s. 6. Ovsyannikova N. D. Razvitie zolotopromyshlennosti Vostochnoi Sibiri v epokhu kapitalizma (1861–1914 gg.): avtoref. dis. …kand. ist. nauk / Ovsyannikova Nina Dmitrievna. Irkutsk, 1964. 29 s. 7. Patronova A. G. Osobennosti razvitiya zolotopromyshlennosti v Zabaikal’e v kontse XIX – nachale XX veka // Istoriya ekonomicheskogo razvitiya Zabaikal’ya v kontse XIX – nachale XX veka: Zabaik. kraev. ezhegodn. № 6. Chita, 1972. S. 57–76. 8. Radnaev B. E. Razvitie promyshlennosti Zabaikal’ya v period kapitalizma // Buryatiya XVII – nachala XX v. Ekonomika i sotsial’no-kul’turnye protsessy. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1989. S. 132–144. 9. Semevskii V. I. Rabochie na sibirskikh zolotykh promyslakh. T. 1. SPb.: Izd. I. M. Sibiryakova, 1898. 574 s. 10. Sumkin D. Sushchestvuet li Verkhneudinskii zolotopromyshlennyi raion? // Zhizn’ Buryatii. 1926. № 1–3. S. 56–58. 11. Khatylaev M. M. Goskapitalizm v zolotodobyvayushchei promyshlennosti Vostochnoi Sibiri (1921–1930 gg.) // Rossiya nepovskaya: politika, ekonomika, kul’tura: tez. vsesoyuz. nauch. konf. Novosibirsk, 1991. S. 142–144. |
| Full article | Gold Mining in Western Transbaikalia in 1880–1920: Regional Specific Features |
